“When you’re onstage with other actors,” he said, “the cardinal rule is to listen always, to be alive to what other actors are saying. But when you are doing a monologue, your partner becomes the moment.”To which reader-of-the-blog Anna replied:
"Your partner becomes the moment”? I don't even understand this."Fair enough.
What Jones is talking about is actor's process. It's often precious, but the real-world example I can come up with is this: we all know certain people who we feel, deep down, don't listen. The old two-types of people-in-the-world trope says that there are people who listen to what you're saying, and follow a conversation, and people who are mainly using the time that you're talking to formulate what they're going to say next. Ie: they're not really listening to you, they're ordering their own thoughts, and processing your auditory information primarily as cues to when they can communicate next.
This is a bad, bad habit. It drives everyone crazy. We all know how much more satisfying it is to have a conversation with someone who "is a good listener." There have been countless jokes about how men do this more often, or how women do it more often, which to me is the perfect indicator of the fact that people in both genders do it way too much. Even people who are "good listeners" find themselves in the position of focusing on what they want to say next, sometimes. It's a bad habit, yes, but it's also a natural one.
Acting is about creating a facsimile of human experience. And paradoxically, that means that to be effective, you have to excise a behavior that a lot of us do every day. On a mechanical level, actors know what their next line is. It's been memorized. It's cued by the other actor's previous line -- so they know what they're going to say next, and they know what the other person is going to say next, too. (I know, it sounds like a lot of marriages, right?) But what Jones is saying is you can't act that way. You have to listen to the nuance of what the person is doing in a conversation -- you have to feel the words and the flow of conversation just as if you were really listening to the person and didn't know what they were going to say next. Yes, it's the same conversation every night (if you're doing theater) -- but at the same time, it's not. If that sounds confusing, well, then now you know why so many actors are so crazy. I give actors a lot of stick here, but what they do is very hard. (And, irony of ironies, one of the great frustrating things about many of them is that they work so hard to be in the moment when they're on stage, and spend every off-stage conversation they have thinking of what they're going to say next. The Human Comedy. It's a bitch.)
Now. The second part of Jones' theory is about what happens on stage when you don't have another actor there to play off.
The Monologue is a very theatrical concept. It doesn't happen in real life at all, among the non-schizophrenic of us. We speak of "talking to ourselves" but for most of us that's going to be, at best, a couple of anguished self-admonishments. Conscience may make cowards of us all, but we don't go around saying that to ourselves very often. Not out loud, anyway.
So how do you create something on stage and make it real, when the very thing you're doing is artificial, without a real life equivalent?
Well, Jones' solution is to treat the moment that you're in like it's the other player. You become aware of your words in space. The time they're taking, the weight of them moving through space and time. You don't think of what you have to say next, just as you don't do that in a scene. Instead, you feel each line, each thought -- really feel it -- you listen to the moment before you move on.
Why is this important for writers? Because this is how a good actor is going to approach your writing. You are writing to be interpreted -- by actors, by directors... and the only way you can gauge effect is to account for this process in the midst of your process.
Some writers walk and talk their script. I think all of us should. I simply can't imagine putting something forward without having read it out loud; hearing how the words hang in the air. Where are the moments? Time in your mind is never the same as in your mouth.
Know, or at least try to anticipate, how your actors are going to play each moment. I've seen a hundred bad actors rush headlong through the "To Be or Not To Be" soliloquy, because they were intimidated by it. And I've seen actors take it painfully slowly, making a meal of every line, every word -- because they were intimidated by it, or overly reverent.
Writers can't be overly reverent toward our own material -- ever. There are lines that are meant to be thrown away. Are you communicating that? Is the shape of your scene correct, in that the 'big moment' is a clear one for the actor or the director to interpret?
(You will find actors who are perverse -- who live to subvert intent, who try to throw away big moments and make their stand on small ones. These actors are craven loogens, and you damn well better hope that the director isn't trying to sleep with them, or you're screwed. But this is also why you don't turn an understanding actor into a loogen, by parenthetically directing them on every single line and inflection.)
Accounting for how the actor must play the moment leads you to understand some things. First, it's the reason why monologue in TV is rare and is used so sparingly. Speeches that are five and six lines long take a long time to say. And if you're trying to flow them in the middle of a vibrant scene that's supposed to keep a plot moving, well, that speech better be pretty goddamn entertaining. With every line you add, you increase the chance that the actor is going to want to either make a meal of every moment, or rewrite it.
Which is why one, two, and three line dialogue patches are TV's bread and butter.
But at some point, you're going to have cause for something longer. A monologue, a voiceover over montage. Remember the actor up there, by themselves, trying to play with the moment as their scene partner. Have pity on them. And try to help them whenever you can.
Or your writing's gonna get butchered.
(ADDENDUM: from the file of trying to subtly influence how actors play your lines, I simply love this post from Jane Espenson, where she explains why it's better to not always go with the rule, and end on the joke.)

